Moreover, analyses of long non-coding RNA (lnc RNA) levels demonstrated that NEAT1, which is the most upregulated RNA substrate of TDP-43 in FTLD-TDP affected regions (Tollervey et al, 2011), was not upregulated in ALS spinal cords (Supporting Information Fig S6A–D). Here, NEAT1 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.