Additionally, in primary Prkdc−/− MEFs, there was greater MVA protein synthesis 4–8 hr post infection (Figure 7E), not only re-enforcing the function of DNA-PKcs in the anti-viral response but also showing the failure to respond to DNA in Prkdc−/− MEFs is not due to a failure to infect these cells or synthesise viral macromolecules. The gene discussed is PRKDC; the disease is infection.