TP53 and breast cancer: Although additional studies are needed to completely understand the mechanisms by which the TMCG/DIPY combination induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells, another important observation derived from this study is that this combination induced apoptosis not only in MCF7, a cell line that expresses only wild-type p53, but also in MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells, which harbour mutant p53.