PPARGC1A and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Increased methylation of PPARGC1A, encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), was first reported in pancreatic islets from type 2 diabetic individuals [23], and interestingly, similar T2D-related changes were also found in skeletal muscle [24].