A recent study has demonstrated that the up-regulation of p16INK4a and AKT/P13K pathway in BCC is often associated with the presence of beta-HPV species 2 suggesting, that in a subtype of BCC these viruses may exert a role in the carcinogenesis or in other, still undefined, biological property of these tumours [30]. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and skin basal cell carcinoma.