PTGS2 and neoplasm: Some of these genes code for cytokines (TNF, IL-1, IL-2, and IL-6), enzymes (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, and 5-lipoxygenase), and adhesion molecules (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1) [60] which are closely associated with cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, tumor promotion, inflammation, and suppression of apoptosis.