Moreover, since XIAP strongly inhibits caspases-9, and -3, two crucial apoptotic proteases with its BIR domains, XIAP confers resistance of HCC cells to Apo2 ligand or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (APO2L/TRAIL)- and chemotherapeutic-mediated apoptosis [9], [13]–[17]. This evidence concerns the gene XIAP and hepatocellular carcinoma.