Given the purported role of adipose tissue mitochondria in the regulation of systemic carbohydrate metabolism [9] and recent work linking IL-6 to the induction of adipose tissue mitochondrial enzyme gene expression [21], [23] it seems likely that reductions in adipose tissue mitochondrial content could be causally linked to the development of insulin resistance in IL-6 deficient mice when challenged with a high fat diet. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and Insulin resistance.