In addition, we have shown that in estrogen-dependent T47D breast cancer cells, p130Cas associates to the estrogen receptor alpha to form a macromolecular complex containing c-Src kinase, Crk, and p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mediates non genomic estrogen signaling [9]. Here, ESR1 is linked to breast carcinoma.