Similarly, reducing VDAC1 expression by siRNA attenuated endostatin-induced apoptosis (Yuan et al., 2008); (f) over-expression of human, murine, yeast, and rice VDAC induce apoptotic cell death (Godbole et al., 2003; Zaid et al., 2005; Abu-Hamad et al., 2008); (g) knockdown of VDAC1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells inhibited TRAIL-induced activation of caspase-8 and subsequent apoptosis (Chacko et al., 2010); and (h) release of Cyto c was obtained using purified VDAC1 reconstituted into liposomes in which Cyto c had been encapsulated (Madesh and Hajnoczky, 2001; Zalk et al., 2005). Here, TNFSF10 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.