For the overall data including 1,440 cases and 2,562 controls, significant associations of the XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism with glioma risk were not identified in the four genetic models (allele contrast: OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.77–1.33; homozygote comparison: OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 0.96–2.54; dominant model: OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.74–1.31; recessive model: OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 0.92–2.38), indicating that the XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism may not have a correlation with glioma risk. The gene discussed is XRCC1; the disease is glioma.