In contrast to cell death induced by the activity of a bacterial virulence factor, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells also induce death of Yersinia-infected cells, and are important for control of Yersinia infection, as demonstrated by the more severe disease in infected β2m−/−, anti-CD8α-treated, or perforin-deficient mice (Bergman et al., 2009). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is Yersinia infectious disease.