PRKN and Parkinson disease: Mutations in other genes, including genes encoding the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin, the chaperone DJ-1, the mitochondrial PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), and the lysosomal ATPase ATP13A2 also lead to PD (Dehay and Bezard, 2011).