In accordance with recognition of both allelic forms of HLA-E by MART.22 (Figure 1A), endothelial cells are recognized independently of their HLA-E haplotype and with no correlation to CMV infection (mean value, 42% of TNF producing T cells for CMV negative versus 41% for CMV positive patients), suggesting the direct recognition of allogeneic HLA-I derived peptides in an HLA-E-restricted fashion. Here, HLA-E is linked to cytomegalovirus infection.