However, while near-infrared (NIR) labeled CA IX antibodies for detection of CA IX in breast cancer have been reported [36], [39], none of these fluorescent inhibitors are in the NIR range, which would allow efficient penetration of photons through living tissue and minimize interference from tissue autofluorescence, necessary for deep tissue imaging and optical tomographic quantification [40]–[43]. The gene discussed is CA9; the disease is breast carcinoma.