NDI1 has previously been shown to be effective as a therapeutic for complex I disorders, including fly [18], mouse [19], and rat [20] models of Parkinson’s disease, and in the fungus Podospora anserina, overexpression of endogenous Ndi1 was shown to be able to rescue complex I holoenzyme deficiency [14]. Here, AVPR2 is linked to Parkinson disease.