In vitro, VCR inhibits the secretion of angiogenic factors such as vasculature endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by normal and drug-resistant human tumor cells [14], inhibits the proliferative activity and formation of capillary networks in cultured endothelial cell assays, and reduces the migratory activity of tumor cells in Matrigel assays [15]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.