First, human pediatric patients with deficiency in TLR/IL-1R signaling molecules, MyD88 or IRAK-4, are predisposed to pyogenic bacterial infections, including S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa, whereas other types of bacterial, fungal and viral infections are exceedingly rare [38], [39]. This evidence concerns the gene MYD88 and viral infectious disease.