A direct link between PKR and stress granules has been recently demonstrated in response to infection by the flavivirus West Nile Virus [41] by comparing the generation of stress granules under viral infection using conveniently mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) that are deficient for HRI [42], PERK, GCN2 [43] or PKR [44]. Here, EIF2AK2 is linked to infection.