We have previously shown that NSP from begomovirus interacts with members of the LRRII-RLK subfamily, such as AtNIK1, AtNIK2 and AtNIK3, to suppress host defense, and it interacts with a member of the PERK-like RLK subfamily, NSP-ASSOCIATED KINASE (NsAK), to potentiate virus infection[31,56]. This evidence concerns the gene EIF2AK3 and viral infectious disease.