Furthermore, HLA-A*02 and HLA-Cw*08 genes were independently and significantly associated with a lower PVL and a lower risk of HAM/TSP [37, 41], and CD8+ T cells efficiently kill autologous Tax-expressing lymphocytes in fresh PBMCs in HTLV-1-infected individuals [42]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is tropical spastic paraparesis.