At one end of the spectrum, AML with core binding factor mutations generally have a very favorable prognosis when treated using high-dose Cytarabine as a part of therapy; at the other end of the spectrum, AML with MLL-1 gene mutations generally have an abysmal prognosis in the absence of allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation. The gene discussed is KMT2A; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.