Review of relevant papers, published during January1980 to April 2010, revealed that CRP was the most extensively studied biomarker (n=396), followed by IL-6 (n=157), PCT (n=107), TNF-alpha (n=80), IL-8 (n=72), sICAM (n=20), CD64 (n=14), IFN-γ (n=9) (Figure 2). However, even the less frequent markers showed promise in respect of their ability to differentiate the sepsis from non-sepsis cases. The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is Sepsis.