Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in adult populations identified GLIS3 as a candidate gene for type 1 diabetes (Barrett et al, 2009), and as a gene that is associated with type 2 diabetes (Cho et al, 2012; Dupuis et al, 2010; Liu et al, 2011; Rees et al, 2011). This evidence concerns the gene GLIS3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.