In this context, it is pertinent to note that while, to the best of our knowledge, there is no detailed report on the temporal dynamics of NF-κB activation during infection, our (Basu laboratory) unpublished observations from ex vivo experiments using Mtb-infected macrophages, indicate that the upregulation of NF-κB dampening molecules such as TNFAIP3 (A20) occurs as early as 24 h post-infection. Here, TNFAIP3 is linked to infection.