NR1H4 and primary biliary cholangitis: It has been shown that FXR activation can inhibit NF-κB in the intestine as well as in other organs [10], [12], [19] Phase 3 clinical trials are currently being performed to investigate the potential beneficial effects of a semisynthetic FXR ligand (6-ethyl-chenodeoxycholic acid) in chronic cholestatic liver diseases such as primary biliary cirrhosis.