NANOG and cancer: Mathieu et al have shown that hypoxia, through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), can induce an hESC-like transcriptional program, including the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) inducers, OCT3/4, Nanog, SOX2, KLF4, c-Myc, and microRNA-302 in several cancer cell lines derived from multiple tissues [18].