Although the majority of our work to date has utilized the prostate cancer model, researchers have also demonstrated the utility of NIS mediated gene therapy in vitro and/or in vivo for several other tumor models, including breast, pancreas, colon, medullary thyroid, ovarian carcinomas (Scholz et al., 2005; Dwyer et al., 2006a,b), and in multiple myeloma (Dingli et al., 2004). The gene discussed is SLC5A5; the disease is AL amyloidosis.