Paradoxically though, autophagy is required for the robust progression of tumors ( Guo et al., 2011;  Lock et al., 2011;  Kim et al., 2011;  Yang et al., 2011) and also supports PyMT-driven mammary tumorigenesis, as loss of FIP200, a positive regulator of autophagy, inhibits primary tumor formation and metastasis ( Wei et al., 2011). Here, RB1CC1 is linked to neoplasm.