Given their roles in AGE formation and cytotoxicity, GLO1 and MG have been implicated in diseases where these effects are relevant to pathogenesis, such as diabetic complications (i.e., micro- and macro-vascular disease), cancer, and aging (Brownlee, 2001; Thornalley, 2003a; Ahmed and Thornalley, 2007; Morcos et al., 2008; Fleming et al., 2010; Thornalley and Rabbani, 2011). The gene discussed is GLO1; the disease is cancer.