NF-κB may play an anti-apoptotic role in adenosine-induced HepG2 cytotoxicity; Furuta et al (19) applied NBD peptide which disrupted the association of NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) with IκB kinases on oral squamous cell carcinoma, and the conclusion was that NBD peptide treatment inhibited TNFα-induced, and constitutive, NF-κB activation, increased apoptosis and suppressed proliferation. The gene discussed is IKBKG; the disease is oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.