[20] By microscopic evaluation of modified Giemsa-stained BAL specimens, five patients (3.9%) were diagnosed with PCP. Two patients were diagnosed with PCP alone, and one patient each was also co-infected with pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans, culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, or culture-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. Four of the five were newly diagnosed with HIV; all five had CD4 cell counts below 50 cells/mm3, and none were taking antiretrovirals or PCP prophylaxis. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is pneumocystosis.