Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of microdissected lesions also revealed that MSX2 expression occurred only in tumor lesions including carcinoma cells in PDAC tissues, and borderline to carcinoma cells in IPMN tissues, while no and faint expression of MSX2 transcripts was found in normal duct and adenoma cells of IPMN, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene MSX2 and pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm.