PKD1 and cyst: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in either PKD1 or PKD2 and is characterized by the formation and progressive growth of cystic lesions that ultimately destroy normal renal parenchyma.[1], [2], [3] Cyst growth is the result of sustained proliferation of incomplete or de-differentiated epithelial cells and accumulation of fluid within the cysts.[3].