In this context, adult IL-12p40KO spinal cord macrophages/microglia would be less responsive to the IFN-γ produced after the infection than the WT cells, as reported to IL-12p40KO mouse peritoneal macrophages which kill less T. cruzi parasites than the WT ones under the same in vitro rIFN-γ treatment [48]. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is infection.