PTGS2 and hydrops fetalis: We hypothesized that an increase in PVN COX-2 would upregulate the activities of central neural systems that contribute to increased activation of the SNS, RAS and the HPA axis in adriamycin-induced HF rats, and the protective effects of the COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (CLB), against adriamycin-induced HF may be involved in this mechanism.