The recent finding that the administration of a TLR3-mucosal adjuvant together with an intranasal influenza vaccine can significantly improve immune response by inducing cross-protective mucosal immunity against heterologous influenza virus infection is the best demonstration of how a better knowledge of the role of innate immunity against influenza viruses can increase our chances of reducing the clinical and socio-economic impact of this common disease[30-32]. Here, TLR3 is linked to influenza.