Fibrates, effective in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, target PPARα, while thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are high-affinity ligands for PPARγ that have revolutionized the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by directly alleviating tissue insulin resistance, the central mechanism underling the onset and development of T2DM [1]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.