Beneficial effects of IGF-I treatment in ALS have been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro, from which IGF-I has been postulated as an important factor for the maintenance and survival of motor neurons in the spinal cord by activating clue pathways as PI3K/Akt and p44/42 MAPK[333] and ameliorating the superoxide effect[334]. The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.