In this study, we compared the ability of the phosphodiesterase IV (PDEIV) inhibitor Cilomilast, the steroid Budesonide, and the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitor BIRB-796 to inhibit tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) releases from AMs isolated from COPD lung transplant tissue. Here, IL6 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.