CD4 and tuberculosis: We found that most of Tim-3-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells freshly isolated from TB patients or stimulated ex vivo with Mtb peptide pool displayed CD45RA−CCR7− TEM phenotype, but not CD45RA+CCR7+ Tnaïve or CD45RA−CCR7+ TCM phenotype(Supporting Information, Figure S2), suggesting a polarization of effector memory phenotype for Tim-3-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in active TB patients.