The results from the islets of HFD-fed mice further suggest that JNK1-mediated regulation of ADAR2 expression may represent a unique aspect of the nutrient-sensing events in β-cells, and glucose may be one of the various metabolic signals that contribute to JNK1 activation and ADAR2 upregulation in the state of overnutrition. This evidence concerns the gene MAPK8 and overnutrition.