Taken together, these data suggest that αE2 is superior to other ER ligands for prostate cancer therapy since it blocks AR-dependent prostate gene expression, prostate tumor cell proliferation and tumor growth, while it stimulates HAEC growth, a potential beneficial action on protection of endothelium and on minimizing cardiovascular side-effects of anti-androgen therapy. This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and Familial prostate cancer.