In agreement with the notion that platelets, which express LFA-1 on their surface, are crucially involved in the early stages of the pathogenesis of both ECM and HCM [37], [121], [122], Grau and colleagues reported that a single dose anti-LFA-1 antibody, when inoculated at the time of infection, was sufficient to protect mice from ECM, whereas multiple inoculations (on day 6, 8, and 10) were required for complete protection when treatment was started one day prior to ECM development [86]. Here, ITGAL is linked to infection.