NOS3 and endothelial dysfunction: We rule out this second hypothesis on the basis of 2 pieces of evidence: First, diuretic treatment resulted in normalization of hemodynamic-dependent LVH but did not correct proteinuria, which is a characteristic of endothelial dysfunction.39 Second, in a hemodynamic-independent setup36 (ie, in isolated ECs), CaMK4 removal causes endothelial dysfunction as assessed by reduction of eNOS activity, which is corrected only after gene replacement.