Ependymin-related proteins were identified in amphibians and mammals (Suarez-Castillo and Garcia-Arraras, 2007) and Shashoua et al. (2001) showed that a short fragment of goldfish ependymin was able to activate the AP-1 transcription factor in neuroblastoma and primary rat brain cortical cultures. The gene discussed is JUN; the disease is neuroblastoma.