MAPK1 and systemic lupus erythematosus: In SLE bone marrow mononuclear cells, Nakou et al. [6] identified central gene regulators implicated in disease pathogenesis which include activation of multiple kinase pathways (MAPK/extracellular regulated MAP kinase (ERK), Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT), AKT, and PI3-kinase (PI3 K)).