Since FABP4, LCN2 and RBP4 have been reported to relate to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, the serum values of these adipokines were measured in a Saudi population grouped into healthy control, obese without diabetes, non-obese diabetes, obese diabetes and subjects with CVD, to explore their potential as biomarkers for CVD (Figure 1). Here, LCN2 is linked to metabolic syndrome.