TXN and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: To overcome the redundancy in these pathways as they relate to resistance to therapy in HNSCC, the current study determined the effect of simultaneously inhibiting both the GSH and Trx metabolism using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO; an inhibitor of GSH synthesis), and auranofin (AUR; an inhibitor of TR activity in vitro and in vivo.