The Cho/Cr in the cerebellar hemispheres and vermis were lower (p<0.0005, p = 0.003, respectively) in patients with MSA-C when compared with those with SCA2, SCA3 (p<0.0005, p<0.0005, respectively), or SCA6 (p<0.0005, p<0.0005, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene ATXN3 and multiple system atrophy, cerebellar type.